مدل‌سازی و تحلیل پارامترهای کلکتور خورشیدی لولۀ خلأ با لولۀ U شکل برای چهار اقلیم در ایران

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشگاه شهیدباهنر کرمان

چکیده

در این مطالعه، بر اساس موازنۀ انرژی برای اجزای مختلف کلکتور خورشیدی لولۀ خلأ دوجداره با لولۀ U، عملکرد حرارتی یک واحد کلکتور به‌صورت مجزا با روش تحلیلی و به‌صورت شبه دینامیکی بررسی می‌شود. مدل استفاده‌‌شده در این مطالعه، توزیع دما در راستای طولی و شعاعی و محیطی را در نظر می‌گیرد. در تحلیل به‌صورت شبه‌دینامیکی اثر پارامترهای مختلف از جمله اندازۀ کلکتور، ضریب اتلاف حرارتی، ضریب جذب لولۀ جاذب، دبی جرمی و مقاومت حرارتی لایۀ هوا در اقلیم مختلف آب‌وهوایی بر عملکرد کلکتور بررسی شده است. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که با افزایش قطر لوله با طول ثابت بازده حرارتی سالیانۀ کلکتور افزایش پیدا می‌کند. همچنین در لوله با قطر ثابت، با افزایش طول لوله، بازده سالیانه افزایش پیدا می‌کند؛ اما این افزایش در طول‌های بیشتر از ۵/۱ متر بسیار کم است. دبی جرمی بهینه برای به دست آوردن ماکزیمم بازده، برای شهرهای کرمان، بوشهر، بندر انزلی و همدان که اقلیم‌های متفاوتی دارند، به ‌دست آمد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل، دبی بهینه برای اقلیم‌های مختلف مقادیر متفاوتی دارد که می‌توان آن را به‌صورت رابطه‌ای بین تشعشع کل خورشیدی متوسط سالیانه به‌عنوان نماد اقلیم و دبی بهینه بیان کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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