اثر طوفان گرد و خاک بر عملکرد پنل فتوولتائیک در زاویه‌های استقرار متفاوت

نویسندگان

دانشگاه ایلام

چکیده

یکی از مشکلات اصلی استفاده از سلول‌های خورشیدی ریزگردها هستند که سبب کاهش بازده آن‌ها می‌شوند. در مقالۀ حاضر تأثیر ریزگرد و زاویۀ استقرار پنل فتوولتائیک بر افت عملکرد آن در شهر ایلام بررسی شده است. آزمایش‌ها با استفاده از دو پنل مشابه و در فصل بهار با در نظر گرفتن مقادیر مختلف ریزگرد از 0 تا 94/236 گرم بر مترمربع اجرا شد. افت ولتاژ، جریان و توان محاسبه شد و اثر میزان ریزگرد و زاویۀ پنل بر افت آن‌ها در قالب آزمایش چندعامله بر پایۀ طرح کاملاً تصادفی بررسی شد. اثر ریزگرد بر افت ولتاژ، جریان و توان در سطح احتمال 1% معنی‌دار بود و با افزایش میزان ریزگرد، افت آن‌ها افزایش یافت. کمترین افت عملکرد مربوط به ولتاژ بود که بین 53/1% در زاویۀ 8/4 درجه و میزان ریزگرد 94/236 گرم بر مترمربع و 84/7% در زاویۀ 1/26 درجه و میزان ریزگرد 28/72 گرم بر مترمربع متغیر بود. شدت جریان خروجی نسبت به ولتاژ افت بیشتری داشته و بیشترین مقدار آن (19/87%) در زاویۀ 1/26 درجۀ پنل و میزان ریزگرد 94/236 گرم بر مترمربع و کمترین مقدار آن (8/24%) در زاویۀ 1/26 درجه و میزان ریزگرد 85/42 گرم بر مترمربع مشاهده شد. بیشترین افت توان (5/87%) مربوط به زاویۀ 1/26 درجه و میزان ریزگرد 94/236 گرم بر مترمربع و کمترین افت آن (5/26%) در زاویۀ 1/26 درجه و میزان ریزگرد 85/42 گرم بر مترمربع محاسبه شد. مشخص گردید که زاویۀ تعیین‌شده بر اساس موقعیت جغرافیایی (1/26 درجه) نسبت به دیگر زاویه‌های مورد بررسی دارای افت عملکردی کمتری بوده و بنابراین زاویۀ مناسب‌تری برای تولید انرژی الکتریکی در صورت وقوع پدیدۀ ریزگردها می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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