Planning Greenhouse Energy Supply with a Focus on Renewable Energy in Microgrid Mode

Authors

Abstract

Climate change and the increase in population of countries have foregrounded the importance greenhouses for future food security. One of the most important considerations in greenhouse production is the need for energy to create suitable greenhouse conditions. Therefore, this paper will investigate the problem of greenhouse energy planning with a focus on renewable energies. To this end, at first, the optimal numbers of renewable energy units and storage units are modeled in order to reduce costs in the micro-grid mode. Afterwards, it analyzes the proposed mixed integer nonlinear problem (MINLP) by using the average wind speed data and the monthly amount of sunlight in the Makran region and by considering different combinations of parameters Cost-wise in 16 different problems. One of the most important results drawn is the determination of the cost-effectiveness of solar energy utilization, which is economically justified, if the investment cost is twice as high as the CHP investment cost. The results also show that the impact of different renewable energy sources in the geographical area-- studied along with the costs of their investment and maintenance costs-- can lead to the unjustifiable technical-economic use of different renewable resources.

Keywords


[1] Ponce, P., Molina, A., Cepeda, P., Lugo, E. and MacCleery, B., Greenhouse Design and Control. CRC Press, 2014. [2] Ganguly, A., Misra, D. and Ghosh, S., "Modeling and Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic-Electrolyzer-Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System Integrated with a Floriculture Greenhouse", Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, No. 11, pp. 2036-2043, 2010. [3] Bozchalui, M. C., Cañizares, C.A. and Bhattacharya, K., "Optimal Energy Management of Greenhouses in Smart Grids", IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 827-835, 2014. [4] Bambara, J. and Athienitis, A. K., "Energy and Economic Analysis for the Design of Greenhouses with Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic Cladding", Renewable Energy, Vol. 131, pp. 1274-1287, 2019. [5] Mirahmad, A., Sadrameli, S. M. and Jamekhorshid, A., "A Comprehensive Study on a latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System and its Feasible Applications in Greenhouses", Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 33-45, 2016. [6] Marucci, A. and Cappuccini, A., "Dynamic Photovoltaic Greenhouse: Energy Balance in Completely Clear Sky Condition during the Hot Period", Energy, Vol. 102, pp. 302-312, 2016. [7] Chen, J., Xu, F., Tan, D., Shen, Z., Zhang, L. and Ai, Q., "A Control Method for Agricultural Greenhouses Heating Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics and Energy Prediction Model", Applied Energy, Vol. 141, pp. 106-118, 2015. [8] Heidari, M. D. and Omid, M., "Energy Use Patterns and Econometric Models of Major Greenhouse Vegetable Productions in Iran", Energy, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 220-225, 2011. [9] Mohammadi, A. and Omid, M., "Economical Analysis and Relation between Energy Inputs and Yield of Greenhouse Cucumber Production in Iran", Applied Energy, Vol. 87, No. 1, pp. 191-196, 2010. [10] Taki, M., Abdi, R., Akbarpour, M. and Mobtaker, H. G., "Energy Inputs–Yield Relationship and Sensitivity Analysis for Tomato Greenhouse Production in Iran", Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 59-67, 2013. [11] Tringovska, I., Yankova, V., Markova, D. and Mihov, M., "Effect of Companion Plants on Tomato Greenhouse Production", Scientia Horticulturae, Vol. 186, pp. 31-37, 2015. [12] Suganthi, L. and Samuel, A. A., "Energy Models for Demand Forecasting—A Review", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 1223-1240, 2012. [13] Chen, J., Yang, J., Zhao, J., Xu, F., Shen, Z. and Zhang, L., "Energy Demand Forecasting of the Greenhouses Using Nonlinear Models Based on Model Optimized Prediction Method", Neurocomputing, Vol. 174, 1087-1100, 2016. [14] Khare, V., Nema, S. and Baredar, P., "Solar–Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System: A Review", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 58, 23-33, 2016. [15] Kumar, A., Sah, B., Singh, A. R., Deng, Y., He, X., Kumar, P. and Bansal, R. C., "A Review of Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Towards Sustainable Renewable Energy Development", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 69, pp. 596-609, 2017. [16] Pérez-Alonso, J., Pérez-García, M., Pasamontes-Romera, M. and Callejón-Ferre, A. J., "Performance Analysis and Neural Modelling of A Greenhouse Integrated Photovoltaic System", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 16, No. 7, pp. 4675-4685, 2012. [17] Esen, M. and Yuksel, T., "Experimental Evaluation of Using Various Renewable Energy Sources for Heating A Greenhouse", Energy and Buildings, Vol. 65, pp. 340-351, 2013. [18] Kıyan, M., Bingöl, E., Melikoğlu, M. and Albostan, A., "Modelling and Simulation of a Hybri Solar Heating System for Greenhouse Applications Using Matlab/Simulink", Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 72, pp. 147-155, 2013. [19] Ronay, K. and Dumitru, C. D., "Hydroponic Greenhouse Energy Supply Based on Renewable Energy Sources", Procedia Technology, Vol. 19, pp. 703-707, 2015. [20] Yildirim, N. and Bilir, L., "Evaluation of a Hybrid System for a Nearly Zero Energy Greenhouse", Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 148, pp. 1278-1290, 2017. [21] Arabkoohsar, A., Farzaneh-Gord, M., Ghezelbash, R. and Koury, R. N., "Energy Consumption Pattern Modification in Greenhouses by a Hybrid Solar–Geothermal Heating System", Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 631-643, 2017. [22] Hussain, A., Choi, I. S., Im, Y. H. and Kim, H. M., "Optimal Operation of Greenhouses in Microgrids Perspective", IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 3474-3485, 2018. [23] Zhuang, P., Liang, H. and Pomphrey, M., "Stochastic Multi-Timescale Energy Management of Greenhouses with Renewable Energy Sources", IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 905-917, 2018. [24] http://irimo.ir/far/wd/2703-دسترسی داده‌های اقلیمی تاریخچه. html, بازدیدشده در 18/11/1397 [25] Rahim, S., Javaid, N., Khan, R. D., Nawaz, N. and Iqbal, M., "A Convex Optimization Based Decentralized Real-Time Energy Management Model with the Optimal Integration of Microgrid in Smart Grid", Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 1, No. 236, pp.1176-1188, 2019. [26] Zolfaghari, M., Ghaffarzadeh, N. and Ardakani, A. J., "Optimal Sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Off-Grid Micro Grids Using Convex Optimization", Journal of Energy Storage, Vol. 23, pp.44-56, 2019.