Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of IT Management, Qa.C, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
2
Department of IT Management, Qa.C, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran, (Corresponding Author)
3
Department of Architecture, Za.C, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
4
Department of Computer and Information Technology Engineering, Qa.C, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
Abstract
This study aims to propose an energy management strategy for buildings located in cold climates during critical periods of energy supply, with the goal of designing a self-sufficient building capable of meeting its own energy demands. The approach is based on the utilization of passive solar technologies as part of sustainable urban development. In this analytical and comparative framework, the building envelope is designed in harmony with geographic coordinates and influential environmental factors (climate), enabling the structure to operate independently from the existing energy network by harnessing renewable solar energy through architectural components.
To achieve this objective, a dataset was developed using descriptive information layers, aerial maps, and field surveys, comprising the architectural characteristics of 100 residential buildings located in a cold climate zone (Zanjan City) and including 35 informational attributes. Subsequently, a two-stage environmental data analysis was performed based on internal and external influencing factors, employing a decision matrix and three predictive data-mining models (decision tree, association rules, and Bayesian classifier). Site plan characteristics were analyzed to evaluate the impact of criteria related to climatic optimization, calculating the influence of three variables—orientation relative to the south, surface coverage, and building elongation—on maximizing solar energy utilization. A combined prioritization based on the climatic energy labeling index, integrating the residential zone and passive solar design approach while considering the architectural characteristics of the building envelope and energy loss criteria, was then computed and validated. The high reliability of the obtained results (over 85%) confirms the validity of the management decisions and retrofitting operations derived from the analysis.
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