Investigating the effect of greenhouse height on performance evaluation and the optimal temperature distribution inside the greenhouse using computational fluid dynamics

Document Type : Original Article

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1 MSc student

2 University of Kashan

Abstract

Maintaining uniform temperature in a greenhouse environment is known to be a key factor in plant growth and increasing production efficiency. Temperature non-uniformity can lead to thermal stress, reduced product quality, and increased energy consumption. In this study, the effect of various climatic and geometric parameters on temperature uniformity in a greenhouse was investigated using computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation. To create an accurate microclimate model, processes such as airflow, solar radiation, radiation model, plant transpiration, and porous media characteristics were considered in the design. The proposed model was validated based on experimental data, and the average difference between numerical and experimental results was reported to be only 8.4%, indicating high reliability of the simulation. Next, the effect of three different heights of 4.2, 6.5, and 8.5 meters has been studied. The average temperature in the three greenhouses will be 37.60, 38.79 and 39.15 degrees Celsius, respectively. One of the most important indicators in this case is the temperature change coefficient index, and the results in the 6.5-meter greenhouse show the lowest temperature change coefficient index, which is 2.96. This geometric change significantly improved the temperature distribution of the interior space, reduced temperature gradients in critical areas, and better maintained optimal conditions for plant growth. Findings indicate that this simple solution has the potential to increase plant yield by up to 30% and significantly reduce energy consumption.

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