Experimental Investigation of Thermal and Electrical Performances of a Nanofluid-cooled Photovoltaic/Thermal System Equipped with a Sheet-and-grooved Serpentine Tube Collector

Author

Abstract

In this paper, the thermal and electrical performances of a photovoltaic/thermal system equipped with a sheet-and-grooved serpentine tube collector are investigated experimentally. The water-magnetite nanofluid is used as the heat transfer fluid. The effect of nanoparticle volume concentration (0-1%), nanofluid mass flow rate (10-40 kg/h) and groove pitch (0, 5.4 and 8 mm) on the operating parameters of system including photovoltaic panel temperature, thermal efficiency, electrical efficiency, and overall efficiency is examined. All experiments were performed under similar environmental conditions (solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature) using a solar simulator. The results showed that the grooving of the serpentine tube improves the thermal, electrical, and overall performance of the photovoltaic/thermal system. Also, it was observed that the system with 5.4 mm groove pitch has a better thermal, electrical, and overall performance than a system with 8 mm groove pitch. According to the results, the thermal, electrical, and overall efficiencies of the system with a sheet-and-grooved serpentine tube collector of a groove pitch of 5.4 mm vary in the range of 50.89-69.37%, 12.29-12.38% and 69.37-83.47% respectively. Also, the results showed that increasing the nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid mass flow rate leads to an improved thermal, electrical, and overall performance of all three systems studied in the present study.

Keywords


[1] https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/solar [2] Vaishak, S. and Bhale, P. V., "Investigation on the effect of different backsheet materials on performance characteristics of a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system", Renewable Energy, Vol. 168, pp. 160-169, 2021. [3] Soltani, S., Kasaeian, A., Lavajoo, A., Loni, R., Najafi, G. and Mahian, O., "Exergetic and environmental assessment of a photovoltaic thermal-thermoelectric system using nanofluids: Indoor experimental tests", Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 218, pp. 112907, 2020. [4] Fouas, C. E., Hajji, B., Gagliano, A., Tina, G. M. and Aneli, S., "Numerical model and experimental validation of the electrical and thermal performances of photovoltaic/thermal plant", Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 220, pp. 112939, 2020. [5] Hissouf, M., Feddaoui, M., Najim, M. and Charef, A., "Performance of a photovoltaic-thermal solar collector using two types of working fluids at different fluid channels geometry", Renewable Energy, Vol. 162, pp. 1723-1734, 2020. [6] Lu, S., Liang, R., Zhang, J. and Zhou, C., "Performance improvement of solar photovoltaic/thermal heat pump system in winter by employing vapor injection cycle", Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 155, pp. 135-146, 2019. [7] Hossain, M. S., Pandey, A. K., Selvaraj, J., Rahim, N. A., Rivai, A. and Tyagi, V. V., "Thermal performance analysis of parallel serpentine flow based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system under composite climate of Malaysia", Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 153, pp. 861-871, 2019. [8] Sellami, R., Amirat, M., Mahrane, A., Slimani, M. E., Arbane, A. and Chekrouni, R., "Experimental and numerical study of a PV/Thermal collector equipped with a PV-assisted air circulation system: Configuration suitable for building integration", Energy and Buildings, Vol. 190, pp. 216-234, 2019. [9] Boumaaraf, B., Boumaaraf, H., Slimani, M.E., Kabir, T. S., Ait-cheikh, M.S. and Touafek, K., "Performance evaluation of a locally modified PV module to a PV/T solar collector under climatic conditions of semi-arid region", Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, Vol. 167, pp. 135-154, 2020. [10] Slimani, M.E., Sellami, R., Mahrane, A. and Amirat, M., "Study of Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal Collector Provided With Finned Metal Plates: A Numerical Investigation under Real Operating Conditions", in: 2019 International Conference on Advanced Electrical Engineering, IEEE, pp. 1-6, 2019. [11] Zahmatkesh, I., Sheremet, M., Yang, L., Heris, S. Z., Sharifpur, M., Meyer, J. P., Ghalambaz, M., Wongwises, S., Jing, D. and Mahian, O., "Effect of nanoparticle shape on the performance of thermal systems utilizing nanofluids: A critical review", Journal of Molecular Liquids, Vol. 321, pp. 114430, 2021. [12] Sidik, N. A. C., Adamu, I. M., Jamil, M. M., Kefayati, G. H. R., Mamat, R. and Najafi, G., "Recent progress on hybrid nanofluids in heat transfer applications: A comprehensive review", International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 78, pp. 68-79, 2016. [13] Abadeh, A., Rejeb, O., Sardarabadi, M., Menezo, C., Pasandideh-Fard, M. and Jemni, A., "Economic and environmental analysis of using metal-oxides/water nanofluid in photovoltaic thermal systems (PVTs)", Energy, Vol. 159, pp. 1234-1243, 2018. [14] Lari, M. O. and Sahin, A. Z., "Effect of retrofitting a silver/water nanofluid-based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system with a PCM-thermal battery for residential applications", Renewable Energy, Vol. 122, pp. 98-107, 2018. [15] Moradgholi, M., Nowee, S. M. and Farzaneh, A., "Experimental study of using Al2O3/methanol nanofluid in a two phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT) array as a novel photovoltaic/thermal system", Renewable Energy, Vol. 122, pp. 243-250, 2018. [16] Salari, A., Kazemian, A., Ma, T., Hakkaki-Fard, A., Peng, J., "Nanofluid based photovoltaic thermal systems integrated with phase change materials: Numerical simulation and thermodynamic analysis", Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 205, pp. 112384, 2020. [17] Qeays, I. A., Yahya, S. M., Asjad, M. and Khan, Z.A., "Multi-performance optimization of nanofluid cooled hybrid photovoltaic thermal system using fuzzy integrated methodology", Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 256, pp. 120451, 2020. [18] Jia, Y., Ran, F., Zhu, C. and Fang, G., "Numerical analysis of photovoltaic-thermal collector using nanofluid as a coolant", Solar Energy, Vol. 196, pp. 625-636, 2020. [19] Shahsavar, A., Salimpour, M. R., Saghafian, M. and Shafii, M. B., "Experimental investigation on laminar forced convective heat transfer of ferrofluid loaded with carbon nanotubes under constant and alternating magnetic field", Experimental thermal and fluid science, Vol. 76, pp. 1-11, 2016. [20] Shahsavar, A., "Experimental evaluation of energy and exergy performance of a nanofluid-based photovoltaic/thermal system equipped with a sheet-and-sinusoidal serpentine tube collector", Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 287, pp. 125064, 2021. [21] Moffat, R., "Describing the uncertainties in experimental results", Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 1, pp. 3-17, 1988. [22] Shahsavar, A., Eisapour, M. and Talebizadehsardari, P., "Experimental evaluation of novel photovoltaic/thermal systems using serpentine cooling tubes with different cross-sections of circular, triangular and rectangular", Energy, Vol. 208, pp. 118409, 2020.